Škarić-Jurić, Tatjana and Martinović Klarić, Irena and Smolej Narančić, Nina and Drmić, Stipe and Peričić Salihović, Marijana and Barać Lauc, Lovorka and Miličić, Jasna and Barabalić, Maja and Zajc, Matea and Janićijević, Branka (2007) Trapped between tradition and transition: anthropological and epidemiological cross-sectional study of Bayash Roma in Croatia. Croatian medical journal, 48 (5). pp. 708-719. ISSN 0353-9504 (Print), 1332-8166 (Online)
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Abstract
Aim: To assess the key characteristics related to living conditions and health in the Bayash Roma population in Baranja and Medimurje regions of Croatia and identify possible demographic and socio-economic sources of variance in self-reported health and reproductive profile. Methods: The study comprised a total of 266 adult Bayash individuals from Baranja and 164 from Medimurje (aged 41.3 +/- 15.1 years). Data on ethno-historical and demographic background, self-identity, life and hygiene conditions, education, employment, health insurance, and health (dietary and smoking habits, reproductive characteristics, diagnosed and undiagnosed health problems, use of medications). were obtained through interviews. Bivariate and multivariate methods were used in statistical analyses. Results: The reported migratory pattern demonstrated that 88.8% of the examinees were born in the region of residence, which showed that the Bayash population was autochthonous and sedentary one. Financially, the Bayash primarily relayed on social welfare support allowance (84%) and child allowance (47%), while merely 2% were permanently and 23% occasionally employed. The proportion of the Bayash who had never attended school amounted to 33.3% (19.3% men and 40.6% women). The access to public water supply system was available to 52.5% of examinees, whereas only 1.7% had public sewage system, and 23.4% had private septic tanks. The most commonly reported health burden were frequent headaches (20.3%), stomach pain (16.3%), anxiety or insomnia (13.1%), hypertension (9.3%), and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (8.6%). The logistic regression identified level of education (odds ratio [OR], 0.77 ; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.63-0.94) and access to health insurance (OR, 4.32 ; 95% CI, 1.46-12.77) as socio-economic/life-style factors playing a significant role in the occurrence of COPD. Conclusion: Our results indicate poor inclusion of the Bayash in the essential social service sectors such as health care, education, and employment, as well as substandard living conditions and unfavorable health-related behavior. Since education and health insurance were found to have significant effects on the observed reproductive status and self-reported health, they should be targeted in planning public health actions for socially marginalized and economically deprived groups. (IN CROATIAN: Cilj: Ispitati ključne značajke uvjeta života i zdravlja Bajaš Roma iz Baranje iMeđimurja u Hrvatskoj i ustanoviti moguće demografske i društveno-ekonomske izvore razlika u samoprocjeni zdravlja i reprodulcijskim navikama. Postupci Istraživanje je obuhvatilo ukupno 266 odraslih Bajaš Roma iz Baranje i 164 iz Međimurja (prosječn dob 41.3 +/- 15.1 godina). Podatci o etnografskim i povijesnim značajkama, shvaćanju vlastitog identiteta, higijenskim i životnim uvjetima, izobrazbi, zaposlenosti, zdravstvenom osiguranju i zdravlju (prehrambene navike i navika pušenja, reprodukcijski parametri, utvrđeni i neutvrđeni zdravstveni problemi i uporaba lijekova) prikupljeni su izravnim razgovorom. Za statističku su analizu rabljeni bivarijatni i multivarijatni statistički postupci. Rezultati: Podatci o migracijama pokazali su da je 88.8% ispitanika rođeno u području u kojemu sada žive, što znači da su Romi Bajaš autohtoni i da nisu nomadi. Financijski se prije svega oslanjaju na socijalnu skrb (84%) i dodatke za djecu (47%), a samo ih je 2% stalno i 23% povremeno zaposleno. Udio Roma Bajaš koji nikad nisu pohađali školu doseže čak 33.3% (19.3% muškaraca i 40.6% žena). Prosječan broj godina pohađanja škole onih koji su ikad išli u školu iznosi 5.3 +/- 2.7. Pristup javnom vodovodnom sustavu imalo je 52.5% ispitanika, a samo njih 1.7% rabilo je javni kanalizacijski sustav, dok je 23.4% imalo privatne septičke jame. U prosjeku, žene se udaju mlade (16.8 godina) i rađaju mnogo djece (3.9 +/- 2.5). Najčešće spominjani zdravstveni problem bile su česte glavobolje (20.3%), bolovi u trbuhu (16.3%), nemir i nesanica (13.1%), visok krvni tlak (9.3%), i kronična opstruktivna plućna bolest (COPD) (8.6%). Analiza podataka logističkom regresijom pokazala je da značajnu ulogu u razvijanju kronične opstruktivne plućne bolesti imaju stupanj izobrazbe (omjer izgleda [OR], 0.77; 95% raspon pouzdanosti [CI], 0.63-0.94) i pristupačnost zdravstvenog osiguranja (OR, 4.32; 95% CI, 1.46-12.77). Iste su se varijable pokazale važnima za reprodukcijske značajke te populacije, tako što je niža fertilnost (0-4 djece) bila povezana s duljim pohađanjem škole (OR, 1.14; 95% CI, 1.03-1.27) i posjedovanjem zdravstvenoga osiguranja (OR, 2.03; 95%CI, 1.13-3.63). Zaključak: Naši podatci upućuju na slabu uključenost Roma Bajaš u bitna područja društvenog života kao što su zdravstvena skrb, izobrazba i zaposlenost, te na niži standard življenja i neprimjerene zdravstvene navike. Slaba izobrazba, tradicionalan odnos prema ženskom reprodukcijskom zdravlju, kao i slab pristup zdravstvenoj skrbi pridonosi visokoj stopi reprodukcije i umjetnih pobačaja. Budući da se pokazalo da izobrazba i zdravstveno osiguranje značajno utječu na uočene reprodukcijske navike i samoprocjenu zdravlja, o akcija za društveno izolirane i ekonomski prikraćene skupine stanovništva.)
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | Language: English. Title in Croatian: Ukliješteni između tradicije i tranzicije: antropološko i epidemiološko presječno istraživanje Bajaš Roma u Hrvatskoj. |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Poverty, social inclusion, life-style, health care, education, employment, living conditions, public health, epidemiology, anthropology, Roma, Bayash, Croatia |
| Subjects: | G Geography. Anthropology. Recreation > GN Anthropology R Medicine > RA Public aspects of medicine > RA0421 Public health. Hygiene. Preventive Medicine |
| Depositing User: | Karolina |
| Date Deposited: | 30 Dec 2015 12:04 |
| Last Modified: | 13 Jan 2017 10:51 |
| URI: | http://idiprints.knjiznica.idi.hr/id/eprint/456 |
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