Petrović, Nikola and Mrakovčić, Marko and Fila, Filip (2021) Anti-EU backlash from below or above?: public opinion in Central and Eastern Europe prior to the 2015 migration crisis. Revija za sociologiju, 51 (3). pp. 317-345. ISSN 0350-154X (Print), 1846-7954 (Online)
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Abstract
IN ENGLISH: Relations between Brussels and Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) worsened during and after the 2015 migration crisis. In order to see to what extent CEE citizens contributed to and/or resonated with this new state of affairs, this paper investigates public opinion before the migration crisis in seven CEE EU Member States. We inquire whether the main issues of the rift (CEE political elites’ opposition to following EU decisions and immigration and their emphasis on sovereignism, nationalism, Christian Europe and historical traumas) could also be traced to public stances towards these issues before the migration crisis. We used the ISSP National Identity module conducted in 2013 and 2014 in the Czech Republic, Estonia, Croatia, Hungary, Lithuania, Latvia and Slovenia. The results show that opposition to EU supranationalism was not linked to ethnic nationalism and religious identity (except in Hungary). Contrary to political elites, who emphasised the cultural threat posed by migration, public opinion was more concerned with the economic threat. Moreover, the perception of cultural threat was not linked to opposing EU supranationalism in any of the countries. However, particularly support for sovereignism (in almost all the countries), but also pride in national history (in some countries) correlated negatively with support for EU supranationalism. The results suggest that political elites can bypass public opinion to construct an anti-EU climate, however not out of thin air. The conditions for such a process were present in Hungary with its emerging transnational cleavage, which shows the importance of cleavages in studying Euroscepticism. --------------- IN CROATIAN: Odnosi između Bruxellesa i država Srednje i Istočne Europe pogoršali su se tijekom i nakon migracijske krize iz 2015. godine. Kako bi se ustanovilo koliko su stavovi građana Srednje i Istočne Europe pridonijeli i/ili odgovarali tom novom stanju, ovaj rad istražuje javno mnijenje prije migracijske krize u sedam srednje i istočnoeuropskih članica EU-a. Propitujemo mogu li se glavni problemi rascjepa (otpor srednje i istočnoeuropskih političkih elita spram slijeđenja odluka EU-a i spram imigracije te njihov naglasak na suverenizmu, nacionalizmu, kršćanskoj Europi i povijesnim traumama) dovesti u vezu sa stavovima javnosti prema tim problemima prije migracijske krize. Koristili smo National Identity modul ISSP-a koji je proveden 2013. i 2014. u Češkoj, Estoniji, Hrvatskoj, Mađarskoj, Litvi, Latviji i Sloveniji. Rezultati pokazuju da otpor spram EU supranacionalizma nije bio povezan s etničkim nacionalizmom, a ni religijskim identitetom (osim u Mađarskoj). Suprotno naglasku političkih elita na kulturalnu prijetnju od migracija, javno mnijenje bilo je više zaokupljeno pitanjem ekonomske prijetnje. Štoviše, percepcija kulturne prijetnje nije bila povezana s otporom EU supranacionalizmu ni u jednoj od država. No, potpora suverenizmu (gotovo u svim državama) i ponos nacionalnom poviješću (u nekim državama) osobito su bile negativno povezane s potporom EU supranacionalizmu. Rezultati sugeriraju da su političke elite mogle zaobići javno mnijenje i konstruirati anti-EU atmosferu, iako ne ni iz čega. Uvjeti za takav proces postojali su u Mađarskoj s ondje nastajućim transnacionalnim rascjepom, a to upućuje na važnost proučavanja rascjepa u istraživanju euroskepticizma.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | Language: English. - Title in Croatian: Otpor EU odozdo ili odozgo?: javno mnijenje u Srednjoj i Istočnoj Europi prije migracijske krize 2015. |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Euroscepticism, Central and Eastern Europe, public attitudes, national identity, migration (euroskepticizam, Srednja i Istočna Europa, javno mnijenje, nacionalni identitet, migracija) |
| Subjects: | H Social Sciences > HM Sociology J Political Science > JA Political science (General) |
| Depositing User: | Karolina |
| Date Deposited: | 03 Jan 2022 12:47 |
| Last Modified: | 03 Jan 2022 12:53 |
| URI: | http://idiprints.knjiznica.idi.hr/id/eprint/978 |
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