Maskalan, Ana, ed. (2020) Reformacije i revolucije. Hrvatsko filozofsko društvo, Zagreb. ISBN 978-953-164-198-2
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IN CROATIAN: Godine 2017. Hrvatsko filozofsko društvo obilježilo je dvije obljetnice: 500. obljetnicu protestantske reformacije i 100. obljetnicu Oktobarske revolucije. Početkom protestantske reformacije simbolično se određuje 31. listopada 1517. godine kada je Martin Luther na vrata crkve u Wittenbergu objesio svojih 95 teza o oprostima grijeha. Događaji koji su uslijedili, predvođeni pozivom više društvenih i vjerskih pokreta na crkvenu reformu, doveli su do raskola Zapadne crkve, nastanka protestantizma te brojnih drugih političkih, ekonomskih i društvenih promjena. Oktobarska revolucija 1917. godine predstavlja drugu i posljednju fazu Ruske revolucije kao odgovora carskom politikom nezadovoljnih seljaka, radnika i vojnika. Njezine su neposredne posljedice bile ukidanje apsolutističke monarhije na čelu s carem Nikolom II., a posredne inauguracija sovjetskog režima i nastanak Sovjetskog Saveza kao vodeće svjetske sile. Premda navedena povijesna zbivanja ne dijele ni mjesto ni trenutak, zajednička osobina protestantske reformacije i Oktobarske revolucije odnosi se na njihov neizmjeran politički, kulturni, ekonomski i intelektualni utjecaj na suvremenu sliku svijeta. Također, njihova je zajednička ontološka pretpostavka sadržana u društvenom momentumu, čiji su pokretači nezadovoljstvo i kritika postojećih okolnosti te nada (naivna ili učena) u mogućnost njihove promjene. Drugim riječima rečeno, u prirodi je reformacija i revolucija transgresija (za)danoga, pri čemu se reformacijske promjene najčešće određuju kao usmjerene k popravljanju, a revolucijske k rušenju postojećih društvenih struktura.Ova je distinkcija ujedno opterećena brojnim normativnim određenjima. S jedne strane, npr. Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, Karl Marx, Hannah Arendt, Rosa Luxemburg i Gajo Petrović – premda, dakako, iz bitno različitih teorijskih ishodišta – promoviraju vrijednost revolucija i njihovu neumitnost za ostvarenje boljeg društva i svijeta. S druge strane, teoretičari poput Edmunda Burkea, Karla Poppera i Francisa Fukuyame revolucijama odriču trajnu i pozitivnu ulogu u promjeni postojećega jer one, u svojim krajnjim konsekvencama, parafraziramo li čuvenu Büchnerovu rečenicu, poput Saturna, jedu svoju djecu. Pritom oni revolucijama najčešće suprotstavljaju reformacije kao mirne i postupne mijene (obnove, poboljšanja ili usavršavanja), koje ne riskiraju pad u bezvlađe i kaos. Unatoč ovakvim analitičkim distinkcijama, granice između revolucija i reformacija propusne su, o čemu najbolje svjedoči upravo protestantska reformacija, a nerijetko su spoznatljive tek post festum. Imajući u vidu navedeno, interdisciplinarni simpozij s međunarodnim sudjelovanjem "Reformacije i revolucije. Povodom 500. obljetnice protestantske reformacije i 100. obljetnice Oktobarske revolucije", održan u Zagrebu 14.–16. prosinca 2017. godine, nije samo predstavio izlaganja u kojima se promišljalo filozofsko, geopolitičko, kulturno i ekonomsko nasljeđe protestantske reformacije i Oktobarske revolucije nego i izlaganja u kojima su se razmatrali pojmovi reformacije i revolucije kao takvi, njihovo značenje, položaj danas te njihove perspektive u budućnosti. Izbor radova koji su nastali na osnovi izlaganja sa spomenutog simpozija donosimo u ovoj knjizi. --------------- IN ENGLISH: In 2017, the Croatian Philosophical Society marked two anniversaries: the 500th anniversary of the Protestant Reformation and the 100th anniversary of the October Revolution. The beginning of the Protestant Reformation is symbolically set on October 31, 1517, when Martin Luther nailed his 95 theses on indulgences on the door of a church in Wittenberg. The events that followed, driven by the call of several social and religious movements for church reform, led to the schism of the Western Church, the emergence of Protestantism and many other political, economic and social changes. The October Revolution of 1917 represents the second and last phase of the Russian Revolution policy as a response of peasants, workers and soldiers dissatisfied by the tsarist policy. Its immediate consequences were the abolition of the absolutist monarchy led by Tsar Nicholas II, and indirect the inauguration of the Soviet regime and the emergence of the Soviet Union as the world's leading power. Although these historical events do not share a place or a moment, the common feature of the Protestant Reformation and the October Revolution relates to their immeasurable political, cultural, economic and intellectual impact on the contemporary image of the world. Also, their common ontological assumption is contained in the social momentum, whose drivers are dissatisfaction and criticism of existing circumstances, and hope (naïve or educated) in the possibility of their change. In other words, in the nature of the reformations and the revolutions is a transgression of the given, where the reformation changes are most often defined as aimed at repairing, and the revolutionary changes at the destruction of existing social structures. The latter distinction is burdened by numerous normative denotations. On the one hand, for example, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, Karl Marx, Hannah Arendt, Rosa Luxemburg and Gajo Petrović – although, of course, from fundamentally different theoretical starting positions – promote the value of revolutions and their inevitability in the creation of a better society and world. On the other hand, theorists like Edmund Burke, Karl Popper, and Francis Fukuyama deny revolutions a lasting and positive role in changing the existing because they, in their ultimate consequences, to paraphrase Büchner’s famous sentence, like Saturn, devour their own children. At the same time, they usually position revolutions in contrast to reformations, peaceful and gradual changes (renewals, improvements or refinements), which do not risk falling into anarchy and chaos. Despite such analytical distinctions, the boundaries between revolutions and reformations are blurred, as best demonstrated by the Protestant Reformation, and are often recognizable only post festum. With this in mind, an interdisciplinary symposium with international participation "Reformations and Revolutions. On the occasion of the 500th anniversary of the Protestant Reformation and the 100th anniversary of the October Revolution", held in Zagreb on 14-16 December 2017, not only presented talks reflecting on the philosophical, geopolitical, cultural and economic heritage of the Protestant Reformation and the October Revolution, but also those discussing the concepts of reformation and of revolution as such, their meaning, contemporary position and their future perspectives. The selection of papers from the mentioned symposium is presented in this book.
| Item Type: | Book |
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| Additional Information: | Language: Croatian. - Title in English: Reformations and revolutions. - Chapter authors: Ana Maskalan, Teresa Forcades i Vila, Jürgen Moltmann, Zoran Grozdanov, Darko Pirija, Ivo Džinić, Sead Alić, Stanko Vlaški, Slobodan Sadžakov, Michael Antolović, Suzana Marjanić, Damir Hršak, Lazar Atanasković, Krešimir Šimić, Goran Rujević, Branko Romčević, Maroje Višić, Anita Lunić, Aneli Dragojević Mijatović, Vlatko Ilić, Predrag Krstić, Luka Janeš, Lana Zdravković. - Most of the chapters were previously published as articles in the journal Filozofska istraživanja / Philosophical investigations, Vol. 38 (2018), No. 4 (URI: https://hrcak.srce.hr/index.php?show=toc&id_broj=17531). |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Protestantska reformacija, Oktobarska revolucija, društvena promjena, revolucije, reformacije (Protestant Reformation, October Revolution, social change, revolutions, reformations) |
| Subjects: | B Philosophy. Psychology. Religion > B Philosophy (General) |
| Depositing User: | Karolina |
| Date Deposited: | 08 Jan 2021 11:56 |
| Last Modified: | 19 Mar 2024 11:47 |
| URI: | http://idiprints.knjiznica.idi.hr/id/eprint/925 |
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